The Sea- an Energy Source that Deserves Another Look

The ocean extends over 360 million km² or 71% of the earth's surface. It is in constant movement, crossed by currents and pushed by waves. Heat travels over it and tides pulse through it several times a day. It is a rich source of energy that can be extracted for human needs.

In their research into energy solutions, humans have up till now used very little of the sea's energy. There are many technological and environmental obstacles. For countries involved in this underused source of power, the challenge is sizeable. Some have already started experimenting. A number of plants are already providing electricity on an industrial scale.

Against this backdrop, there can be no doubt but that the sea will provide part of our future energy supply.

Tides- a Twice-daily Energy Source

Like conventional hydroelectric dams, tidal power plants retain huge amounts of water twice a day, which once released generates electricity.

Waves- Constant Motion We Can Use

The force of waves can drive mechanical systems to produce electricity. Initially located on coastlines, more and more experimental plants are now moving to the open sea.

Currents- a Driving Underwater Force to Harness

The energy of sea currents under the surface is comparable to the wind above it. Underwater turbines are used to derive electricity from this source.

The Sea- an Underused Heat Reserve

The temperature difference between surface and deep waters in intertropical regions can be used to produce steam- hence electricity. However, from theory to practical application, the road ahead still seems long.