Glossaire :IAEA [...] ITER

IAEA (see the French definition ): International Atomic Energy Agency. Its aim is to promote the peaceful use of nuclear energy and to limit how nuclear energy is used for military applications.
IEA (see the French definition ): International Energy Agency. Created in 1974, the IEA is an inter-governmental organization that acts as an energy policy coordinator to its 28 member countries. It contributes to policies on energy supply safety, economic growth and environmental protection.
IFP (see the French definition ): Institut Français du Pétrole (French Oil Institute). French center of scientific research, training and information for the oil industry.
Incineration (see the French definition ): Incineration is a means of converting waste into enegy. The waste is burned and this produces heat, electricity or both.
Indexation (see the French definition ): Indexation is the adjustment of a value to an index or reference rate. For example, the price of natural gas is indexed to the price of a barrel of oil. If the price of oil rises, the price of natural gas will also rise.
Injection (assisted recovery technique) (see the French definition ): The assisted recovery of oil or gas involves increasing the pressure in the deposit when it is insufficient to drive the oil or gas to the surface (e.g. if its consistency is slightly viscous). To do this, gases, water or chemical solutions are injected into the reservoir (this is why it is called ‘injection’). This then thins the crude oil as well as increasing its volume.
Installed capacity (see the French definition ): Installed electricity capacity is the electricity production capacity of a particular facility. It is usually expressed in Megawatts (or sometimes even Gigawatts) and can come from hydraulic, nuclear, thermal, solar or wind power.
International Nuclear Event Scale (INES) (see the French definition ): This is an international scale comprising 7 different levels used to classify all nuclear accidents or incidents, including the most minor ones.
Ionizing radiation (see the French definition ): Ionizing radiation is radiation capable of extracting electrons from the atoms it hits. The atom that loses one or more electrons acquires a positive electric charge (formerly at rest, it was neutral). The neighboring atoms, which "take back" the electrons extracted, become negative. But in physics and chemistry, are electrically charged atoms called ions: that is why the radioactive radiation, which convert the atoms into ions, are called ionizing radiation. The phenomenon itself is called ionization.
IPCC (see the French definition ): IPCC stands for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. It was set up by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) in 1988. Its mission is to objectively, methodically and clearly review and assess the scientific, technical and socio-economic information needed to better understand scientific reasoning behind the risks of human-induced climate change. The goal is also to more precisely determine the possible consequences of climate change and devise potential strategies to adapt to and minimize effects. The IPCC is not tasked with conducting any research nor with monitoring climate-related data or other relevant parameters. Its assessments are primarily based on scientific and technical publications with highly recognized scientific value.
Source : http://www.ipcc.ch
Irradiance (see the French definition ): Irradiance is the power of exposure to sunlight per unit of surface area. In solar energy, irradiance determines the efficiency of photovoltaic cell collectors. It varies according to the positioning of these collectors in relation to the sun, and the time of day. Irradiance is measured in Watts per square meter (W/m2).
IRSN (see the French definition ): Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (French Institute for Radioprotection and Nuclear Safety). The IRSN carries out research into and assessments of the risks associated with radioactivity.
ISO (see the French definition ): ISO (International Organization for Standardization) is a non-governmental organization that develops and publishes international standards. It includes national standards institutes from 162 countries.
Isotope (see the French definition ): Isotopes are atoms of the same element that can have a different number of neutrons but still have the same number of protons. An example is hydrogen (1 neutron and 1 proton) which has two naturally-occurring isotopes: deuterium (2 neutrons and 1 proton) and tritium (3 neutrons and 1 proton).
ITER (see the French definition ): The aim of the ITER project is to build the first experimental nuclear fusion reactor that can produce more energy than it uses. The members of the project are the United States, the European Union, Japan, Russia, China and South Korea. Its objective is to successfully maintain the fusion reaction and to qualify the key technologies that will be needed to develop an industrial reactor.